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| Registros recuperados: 2.284 | |
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| Gabriel Leitner; Ana-Maria Anug; Uzi Merin; Nissim Silanikove. |
| *Background*
Repeated research findings over the last 4 decades show that involution of mammary glands in dairy cows did not regress to same extend as that noticed in other mammalian species.

*Methodology/Principal Findings*
We took an advantage of a rare event in the normal modern dairy farming: A cow that was false-positively identified as being pregnant was "dried up" (i.e., induced into involution) conventionally about 60 before her expected parturition. This cow was culled, and samples of her mammary gland tissue were examined for gross histology. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that modern dairy cow may undergo extensive obliteration of the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Immunology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/846/version/2 |
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| Etienne Joly. |
| To obtain an optimised form of BFP for use as a reporter gene in mammalian cells, the brightest available GFP form, EGFP, was mutated at 5 different positions, yielding 8 different mutagenised forms of BFP. The intensity of the fluorescent signals attained in mammalian cells with all these various versions of BFP was analysed by flow cytometry of transiently transfected COS 7 cells. The best mutant obtained can be detected readily both by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, even when expressed together with GFP. To explore whether cellular localization could enhance the fluorescence signals any further, plasmid constructs were made to target optimised versions of GFP and BFP to the nucleus, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cell surface.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1259/version/1 |
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| Romulus Breban; Virginie Supervie; Justin Okano; Raffaele Vardavas; Sally Blower. |
| The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is currently attempting to eliminate syphilis in the United States (US); to ensure that their control strategies will be effective it is important to understand the transmission dynamics of syphilis. Epidemics of certain infectious diseases (e.g., influenza) can rise and fall with a well-defined periodicity; this cycling behavior is important because it can have significant implications for the design and effectiveness of control strategies. Here we discuss the methodology that has been used to identify epidemic cycles in longitudinal data sets, and the endogenous and exogenous mechanisms that generate cycling. We then examine the recently proposed hypothesis that syphilis epidemics cycle. This hypothesis was proposed... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1373/version/1 |
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| Daniel Casasanto. |
| If understanding action words involves mentally simulating our own actions, then the neurocognitive representation of word meanings must differ for people with different kinds of bodies, who perform actions in systematically different ways. In a test of the _Body-Specificity Hypothesis_, right- and left-handers were compared on two motor-meaning congruity tasks. Double dissociations in both action execution and recognition memory results showed that right and left handers form body-specific representations of words for manual actions. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1321/version/1 |
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| Xin Wang; Shaolin Zheng. |
| Despite of angiosperms in the Yixian Formation (>125 Ma, early Cretaceous), there is no perfect flower typical of angiosperms to date. Here we report _Euanthus dilaensis_ gen. et sp. nov as the earliest perfect flower known to date. The flower includes tepals, androecium and gynoecium. The anthers are globose in form, with bristles atop and in situ round-triangular pollen grains. The gynoecium is composed of probably two carpels with plumose stigmas and a carpel-enclosing receptacle. The discovery of _Euanthus_ increases the diversity of early angiosperms, and indicates that perfect flowers occurred as early as 125 Ma ago.
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| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1320/version/1 |
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| Flávio Codeço Coelho; Claudia Codeco; Oswaldo Cruz. |
| The construction of complex statial simulation models such as those used in network epidemiology, is a daunting task due to the large amount of data involved in their parameterization. Such data, which frequently resides on large geo-referenced databases, has to be processed and assigned to the various components of the model. All this just to construct the model, then it still has to be simulated and analyzed under different epidemiological scenarios. This workflow can only be achieved efficiently by computational tools that can automate most if not all these time-consuming tasks. In this paper, we present a simulation software, Epigrass, aimed to help designing and simulating network-epidemic models with any kind of node behavior.
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| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/378/version/1 |
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| Adeilton Brandao. |
| With the thousands of scientific papers being produced every month, picking an authors name, associate it to a research field and right evaluate his or her performance is in most of times a cumbersome task. I am proposing here that science indexes as h-index, g-index, total citations and published papers could be added to biomedical bibliographic citation in order to create a unique identifier for a given researcher. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/794/version/1 |
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| Robert Muetzelfeldt. |
| Most simulation models in ecological and environmental research are implemented as computer programs in a conventional programming language. This brief paper argues for a radically different approach, based on the representation of the model structure, relationships and equations in a declarative format (e.g. XML). Simulation code can then be generated from this, but in addition the model can be displayed and processed in a wide range of useful ways, greatly increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the modelling process. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/17/version/1 |
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| Diana D. E. Marco; Sergio S. A. Cannas; Marcelo M. A. Montemurro; Bo Hu; Shiyuan Cheng. |
| The invariance of some system properties over a range of temporal and/or spatial scales is an attribute of many processes in nature1, often characterised by power law functions and fractal geometry2. In particular, there is growing consensus in that fat-tailed functions like the power law adequately describe long-distance dispersal (LDD) spread of organisms 3,4. Here we show that the spatial spread of individuals governed by a power law dispersal function is represented by a clear and unique signature, characterised by two properties: A fractal geometry of the boundaries of patches generated by dispersal with a fractal dimension D displaying universal features, and a disrupted patch size distribution characterised by two different power laws. Analysing... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Ecology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/907/version/1 |
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| Chien-Hui Liou; Chang-Wei Hsieh; Chao-Hsien Hsieh; Si-Chen Lee; Jyh-Horng Chen; Chi-Hong Wang. |
| The human brain possesses plenty of functions but little is known about its scientific relationship with mind and spirit. Conferences^1,2^ focused on the connection between science and religion were held very recently in which neuroscientists, Buddhist scholars and Dalai Lama discussed attention, mental imagery, emotion, mind, brain functions and meditation, suggesting religious meditation offers an effective means to investigate the mystery of mind and spirit. In the past decade, scientists struggled to obtain brain mappings for various meditation styles using different brain imaging techniques and stimulating results have been observed^3-17^. In this letter we report that, together with other brain regions, pineal body exhibit significant activation... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1328/version/1 |
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| Matthias Samwald. |
| Dystroglycan is part of a large complex of proteins, the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophies for a long time. Besides muscular degeneration many patients manifest symptoms of neurological and cognitive dysfunction. Newer findings suggest that dystroglycan is implicated in brain development, synapse formation and plasticity, nerve-glia interactions and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier.
Most research so far has focused on the functions of dystroglycan in muscle and neuromuscular junctions, while its role in the brain and interneuronal synapses has been largely neglected. 
This review will give an overview of the biochemistry of dystroglycan, its... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/196/version/1 |
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| Andrey V. Zhuravlev. |
| Conodonts are considered now as specific group of early Chordata or even Vertebrata. Fifteen tooth-like conodont elements of seven morphological types compose the oral apparatus of conodonts. The elements demonstrate complex morphology. All the elements bear polygonal micro-ornamentation. The ornamentation is considered as representing imprints of the epithelium cells. Ecological dependencies of the cell sizes are known for some recent organisms.
The maximum cell sizes are characteristic of optimal environmental conditions. Thus, one can supposes that decreasing in cell imprint size in the conodonts marks disturbance in water temperature or/and oxygen content.
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| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/659/version/1 |
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| Xiaohan Yang; Gerald A. Tuskan; Timothy J. Tschaplinski; (Max) Zong-Ming Cheng. |
| Flowering plants (angiosperms) appeared on Earth rather suddenly approximately 130 million years ago and underwent a massive expansion in the subsequent 10-12 million years. Current molecular phylogenies have predominantly identified _Amborella_, followed by _Nymphaea_ (water lilies) or _Amborella_ plus _Nymphaea_, in the ANITA clade (_Amborella_, Nymphaeales, Illiciaceae, Trimeniaceae and Austrobaileyaceae) as the earliest angiosperm. However, developmental studies suggest that the earliest angiosperm had a 4-cell/4-nucleus female gametophyte and a diploid endosperm represented by _Nymphaea_, suggesting that _Amborella_, having an 8-cell/9-nucleus female gametophyte and a triploid endosperm, cannot be representative of the basal angiosperm. This... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/320/version/1 |
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| Michael A. Corner. |
| Chronic blockade of actively excitatory glutamatergic synaptic receptors in co-cultured organotypic rodent neocortex explants leads to a compensatory up-regulation of otherwise inactive input channels so as to maintain almost normal levels of ongoing bursts of action potentials. We report here that this homeostatic return of spontaneous (now kainate receptor driven) firing is accompanied by a reciprocal down-regulation of blocked AMPA and NMDA receptors, such that the developing cortical network is protected against becoming hyperactive when those synaptic inputs are again able to transmit normally. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1260/version/3 |
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| M.M Ali; Palash Sinha; Sarika Jain; U.C Mohanty. |
| Predicting accurate cyclone tracks is crucial for disaster management practices. The unusual westward movement of the 6-11 May 2002 Arabian Sea cyclone has been investigated through community mesoscale National Centre for Atmospheric Research model by giving different sea surface temperatures (SST) in different experiments keeping all other conditions same. In one experiment, we converted sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs) to SST. Oceanic eddies and SSHAs, representing the subsurface thermal structure, played a prominent role in the unusual westward movement of this cyclone. This is the first time that the effect of eddies and SSHAs on cyclone track has been reported. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1001/version/1 |
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| Rehab J. Al-Jamal; Linda Wilson; Chris J. Armit; Susan McIntyre; Mark Marsden; Steven D. Shapiro; David J. Harrison. |
| Emphysema is a progressive lung disease characterised by loss of lung parenchyma with associated functional changes including decreased tissue elastance. Here we report beta1 integrin is a novel target for tissue repair and regeneration in emphysema. We show a single dose of a monoclonal antibody against beta1 integrin induced both functional and structural reversal of elastase-induced lung injury in vivo, and we found that similar matrix remodelling changes occurred in human lung tissue. We also identified a potential mechanism of action as this allosteric modulation of beta1 integrin inhibited elastase-induced caspase activation, F-actin aggregate formation and changes in cellular ATP levels. This was accompanied by maintenance of beta1?integrin levels... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/437/version/1 |
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| Carmelo Mario Vicario. |
| Temporal experience can be modulated by a number of environmental factors such as quantity. Here I show that merely looking at numbers causes a bias in imaginative (but not perceptual) time bisection task that depends on the number’s magnitude. This suggests that automatic shifts of spatial attention to the left and right side, as a result of exposure to numbers, modulates temporal as well as spatial behaviour (2,3,4). This finding suggests that the representation of time and space produce certain patterns in neural maps that are decoded by means of the similar neural mechanisms. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1479/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 2.284 | |
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